95 



py 



OUBL 



FROM FEEDING 

FOR EVERYBODY. ALL GRAINS AND FOR 





CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 



.*.. .,*#♦. 



• 







OFFICERS. 

FREDERICK SONTAG, - - President. 
PAUL TIETGEN5, -' - Vibe-President. 
KL F. ROHDE, Secretary and Treasurer. 
JOHN HAMMER. -, General Manager. 



^* 



DIRECTORS. 

FREDERICK SONTAG, President Grand Pacific Hotel Co. 

Manager Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association 
in Chicatgo. 

PAUL TIETGENS, 
Of Martin M. Schultz ®. Co.. Chicago Board of Trade. 

GEORGE MILLS ROGERS, 

Metster in Chancery, Circuit Court, Ch.ica.go. 

FRANK FROEHLING. 

Of Froehli ng <& Heppe, Wholesale Meats. 

JOHN KAMMER, Patentee. 
D. ROHDE, Commission Merchant. 

GEO. A. B. MARTIN, 

Of N. J. Corporation Guarantee (St Trust Co. 

H. F. R. OH DE, Attorney at Law. 



THE 

GRAIN GROWING 

APPARATUS 



WHAT IT IS 5 5 3 WHAT IT DOES 

AND HOW IT WILL MAKE AND 
SAVE MONEY TOR EVERY 
FEEDER. OF LIVE STOCK 



BY 

AMERICAN GRAIN GROWING CO 

HOME OFFICE AND FACTORY 
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, U. S. A. 



Copyrighted 1902 
American Grain Growing Company 



['thelibkahi uil 

[ CONGRESS, I 
[two Copies Received 1 

\ ]0N. 2 19021 

fcat^H Introduction 

3^3Z3\ ===== 



I 



' T has been said that ' ' he who causes two blades of grass to grow where 
but one grew before is a benefactor to humanity." If this be true, 
and we believe all will agree that it is, then he who clevises a plan 
whereby double value may be secured from the grain ration as ordinarily 
fed to live stock, must be regarded as doubly a benefactor to mankind. 
Certain it is that the general methods employed at the present time are 
wasteful and unsatisfactory. Any improvement in such methods by 
which waste is avoided and better results obtained means a corresponding 
increase in profits. 

It is the purpose of the pages which follow to introduce to the reader 
an apparatus for the sprouting and growing of grain for feeding purposes, 
new in principle, far reaching in results. Its general scope is the effecting 
of chemical changes in the flinty seed grains, dispersing certain of the 
constituent elements and adding others of vastly increased value, and ren- 
dering the whole a perfectly succulent, soluble food, in a form that the 
animal may digest and assimilate every nutrient in its make-up. The 
particular duty it sets for itself is, in brief, the accomplishment of these 
most salutary purposes: — 

1. It increases the weight by the growth of the grain up to 100%. 

2. Renders the grain wholly digestible and nutritive. 

3. Brings to the grain by chemical changes most valuable food 

elements not otherwise obtainable. 

4. It aids the digestion of other food with which the grown 

grain comes in contact. 

5. The food supplies the best tonic that can be given to animals. 

6. It converts corn, the great stock feeding material, into the 

ideal food for poultry, and all young growing stock. 

7. It supplies at all seasons of the year a food to all animals 

which is the equivalent and counterpart of the nutritious 
pastures of summer. 

These propositions may suggest themselves as extremely radical to 

one unfamiliar with the scope and bearings of our invention. We expect 

"..*:*; .'.tlTJKttf Jlte ttne/'tThje'lmsis of the apparatus presumes a wide departure 

: .' : .•'Jrem** wolt. ftstabltehdd .'feeding practices. It sets aside much misapplied 

knowledge of chemistry and food materials. But we make our statements 

.''.*;*.' *:^Bl^lyj inct in ^ftfe 'light of crucial, practical tests, having ourselves 

"abundantly proven 'trie truth of every claim. 

We therefore submit this catalogue for your careful study and medita- 
tion, with full faith that the practice of its teachings will prove to be of 
vastly increased profit to you in your live stock feeding operations. 
Most respectfully yours, 

AMERICAN GRAIN GROWING CO.. 
Chicago, U. S. A. 



What Is Nature's Intent? 



BEFORE entering upon the true object of this book, we have thought 
it wise to go into a discussion of a few facts which, while not of 
themselves necessary to the success of what follows, still have a more 
or less direct bearing on the matter and which will ultimately lead up to 
the main subject. 

Primarily, we wish to make the somewhat broad statement that seeds, 
and by seeds we mean grains of all classes, were not intended by nature as 
food for animals. We know of course that in taking this position we shall 
meet with the opposition of very many people and more particularly those 
who have not taken the time to investigate these matters, or even to closely 
observe natural conditions surrounding them. It is with a full knowledge 
of these facts that we make the above assertions, and have only to say in 
their support that they are not the result of mere hap-hazard conjecture 
but rather result from a deep study of the subject coupled with extended 
and well regulated experiment. 

Let us in the first place then consider a seed in its natural construc- 
tion, and as the best known and most common of the class of seeds let us 
select corn as the example. 

We find the single seed or grain of corn completely enveloped in a 
hard and horny shell which is of such a degree of toughness and leathery 
consistency as to be capable of withstanding many kinds and varieties of 
treatment without breaking down and meeting dissolution of its molecular 
construction. So great indeed is this protection that the seed may, and 
times without number does, pass through the entire alimentary canal of an 
animal and be again deposited upon mother earth without in the least 
impairing its vitality or growing ability. 

No proof need be brought in substantiation of this claim as it has 
been noted times without number, how in proper season, corn has been 
found growing in the fields and by the roadside from the decaying and 
disintegrated droppings of animals. 

What has been said of corn in this particular is true to a much 
greater extent of the smaller grains, and the seeds of plants. 

We know, for instance, of pieces of land, feed lots and milking yards 
particularly, becoming almost completely seeded with clover by the drop- 
pings of animals which were being pastured on second crop or aftermath 
clover. Many farmers have suffered from the ravages of weeds, which is 
one form of plant life, by buying and bringing to their own farms animals, 
as cattle, from another section of the country which had with them at the 



Seeds and 
grains not 
intended 
as food for 
man and 
animals, 



Nature's 
care in 
protecting 
seeds. 



Vitality and 
indigestibility 
of seeds. 








Seeding of 
lands from 
excreta of 
animals, 
birds, etc. 



Ordinary 

preparation 

of seeds and 

grain does not 

increase their 

digestibility. 



time, within the stomach and intestines, 
such seeds. Most of us have observed 
how the excreta of birds are a most fruit- 
ful source of trouble to the agriculturist 
by the ease and rapidity with which 
they will pollute a country with new, often 
unknown and injurious plant life. These few 
examples should serve to show how the seeds of plants 
have been provided with protecting coats of mail as it were, 
enabling them to completely escape, first, the mastication of animals, and 
second, the action of the powerful acids and other effects of the gastric 
juices of the stomach and intestines, and still come again into outer life 
unharmed and with the life germ active and unimpaired. 

Since these things are true we have come naturally to the conclusion 
that seeds were never intended as food for men and animals. This position 
is further borne out by the natural indigestibility of these various seeds 
and substances, and this holds true even after they have undergone the 
most careful preparation by man. It is assumed by most feeders that 
when corn is once ground and fed in combination with other substances 
that it is made wholly or entirely digestible. No greater mistake could 
possibly be made than to rely upon these conclusions as absolute. A care- 
ful washing of the excreta of animals which are being fed on ground grain, 
particularly corn, will show that large amounts of the grain have passed 
through the animal undigested. 



The struggle 
to avoid 

waste. 



FEEDING ONE ANIMAL ON THE WASTE OF ANOTHER 

That this is the result of feeding whole grain is well understood, and 
that the practice is a most wasteful one, amounting in many cases to a loss 
of fully fifty per cent of the grain so fed, is accepted as fact by most 
feeders. It is this knowledge and the resulting desperate desire of the feeder 
to recover a part of this great loss which has brought about the loathsome, 
unsanitary, unnatural and disease breeding practice of feeding one animal 
upon the excretions of another. This refers in particular to the common 
and repulsive practice of following cattle with hogs. 

It is a proper observance and due consideration of all these things 
which has led us to the conclusion first mentioned, i. e. that seeds — grains 
— were never intended by nature to be employed as food for man and 
animals. 

SAVING THE WASTE 



Present 

methods 

worthless and 

obsolete. 



The inventor and originator of the process and machines hereinafter 
to be described, having suffered in common with all feeders from the 
natural waste and absolute loss resulting from the present methods of feed- 
ing, sought some means of their obviation with the results which follow. 

It was found that such a considerable proportion of the grain ration 
remained undigested even after the most careful preparation by the best 



known methods, such as grinding to various degrees of fineness, steaming, 
cooking, soaking, etc. , that some other means had to he devised and adopted. 

It was found by careful and long drawn out experiment, coupled with 
a strict analysis of all substances brought into use, that nature had a way 
of so changing seeds and other grains as to make them entirely digestible. 

It has long been known that the digestion of the mouth, which em- 
braces the mastication of the food and a thorough mixing with the saliva, 
had a more direct and salutary action upon the breaking clown of grain 
constituents and the changing of their chemical relations and forms than 
the after action of the stomach and intestines. This action and change are 
due to the presence of ptyalin, a diastatic ferment which exists in consid- 
erable quantities in the mucus substances, (saliva) of the mouth and 
not anywhere else in the animal economy. The office of this diastatic 
ferment is to produce such chemical changes within the food substances as 
to make them readily convertible into soluble form whereby they become 
digestible and ready for assimilation by the blood. This change which 
results entirely within the mouth progresses as follows: 

The starchy substances of the food are first converted into dextrin 
and sugar in combination, and then by further action of the diastatic and 
other ferments into sugar alone. The action of the diastatic ferment is so 
powerful that one part of it is capable of changing or transforming 2000 
parts of starch. It must be remembered as stated above, however, that 
salutary and desirable as are these effects, they exist and take place only 
in the digestion of the mouth. To produce these very desirable results 
therefore, it would be necessary for the animal to hold the food within the 
mouth in the act of mastication until the whole mass was completely 
reduced to a liquid or soluble form. This we all know they will not do, 
the tendency to bolt the food being always present, notwithstanding our 
very best efforts to prevent it by means of mechanical appliances, ingen- 
iously contrived feeding troughs, etc. It is not possible to train or even 
compel animals to eat their food so slowly and masticate it so thoroughly 
as to produce the best possible results in after digestion and assimilation. 

The very desirable action of the diastatic ferment was well known to, 
and most highly appreciated by, the great William Gladstone, though we 
have no knowledge of his having been in any sense a feeder of animals or a 
student in that direction. Touching on the subject, however, he mentioned 
it as being in his opinion the precise reason for his great longevity, stating 
on one occasion that he lived long because he made it a rule to masticate 
every morsel of food which went into his 
mouth thirty-two times before swallowing it. /' ; 



GERMINATION-NATURE'S PROCESS 



Natural 
methods. 



Digestion 
of grain 
within the 
mouth. 



Ptyalin 
and its 
properties. 



Chemical 
changes 
resulting 
from mouth 
digestion. 



Impossibilities 
of mouth 

digestion. 



William 
Gladstone's 
recipe for 
longevity. 



In casting about for the means of bring- 
ing large masses of food into the same soluble 
and digestible condition in which we find 
them within the mouth of the animal, after 




How nature 

changes 

the seed and 

comparison 

with mouth 

digestion. 



Seeds not 

intended 

entirely as 

food for 

the young 

plant. 



Seeds sprout 
and grow 
without the 
presence of 
all the seed 
substances. 



having been thoroughly masticated and well mixed with the mucus 
substances, (saliva), we were led to the analysis of the sprouted and 
growing grain. 

We found by analysis that the masticated bolus of food taken from 
the mouth of the animal and the sprouted corn taken- from the ground 
showed practically the same chemical constituents, the same food sub- 
stances, and that they had both undergone the same changes. Here then 
was the basis of our first active operation. If we could but find some 
means of bringing the grain forward in a natural state of growth and 
development in requisite quantity, and in succession from day to day, we 
had solved the problem, and felt that by so doing we should prove the 
humble means of one of the greatest benefactions to humanity. How 
successful we have been we shall leave to the judgment of the reader after 
he has finished a perusal of this book. 

Having to some extent looked into the digestion of foods within the 
mouth of an animal, and observed the changes brought about there, let us 
for a short time consider the changes which take place in the great chemi- 
cal laboratory of nature in preparing the seed as food for the young plant, 
that is, so much of it as may be required for that purpose. 

Just at this juncture we are compelled to depart to some slight extent 
from the ordinarily accepted theory relative to this matter. It has been laid 
down in the past as an inflexible rule in nature that the seed is intended 
to supply the young plant with food until it has grown sufficiently and 
has developed the necessary organs for extracting its nourishment from the 
soil and air. We have not found this to be the case to any considerable 
extent, and are not, therefore, prepared to subscribe entirely to the old 
theory concerning these things. 

Our own extended experiments have demonstrated in the most satis- 
factory way that these things are true only in part, and that for the simple 
development of the plant only a small part of the components of the seed 
will be absorbed. 

If, therefore, the acrospire and radicle be carefully removed from a ker- 
nel of sprouted corn and planted in the ground under normal and natural 
conditions in that form, it will grow and develop Avith the 
same force and rapidity as another along side of it from 
which the seed has not been taken. A fact in this 
connection which is even better and more generally 
understood is that the eye, which is the live 
germ of a potato, may be removed entirely 
from the great mass of the parent tuber 
without in the least affecting its growing 
" 7 %^s -:-^ ability. We are of the opinion that the 

old and generally accepted theory on 

this subject results largely from 

the fact that if a plant 

"* '"'•''""'•''^'^•. ■....> :..i, Jy'\-S'\ : De pulled up 

'' "'^•i^^-'^^^-- some time 




after growth has started the parent seed will be found as a shell from 
which all substance has been absorbed or otherwise dispelled. This fact is 
one quite well known to us, but the two examples of the corn and potato 
stated above prove that the absorption of the endosperm, (entire inner sub- 
stance of a seed), is for a different purpose and result entirely. We hold 
that the absorption by the plant of the endosperm, is not, therefore, for 
the nutriment of the plant, but that there exists within the seed substance 
certain live materials, organisms or cells which in accord with the laws of 
propagation and the reproduction of their species, live within the sap or 
blood of the plant, and again reproduce themselves into a new seed. It is 
of greatest importance that these materials or cells are taken up by the 
young plant in the greatest quantity for the production of a large crop, and 
as they are of a very composite nature and easily decomposed, it follows 
that under unfavorable atmospheric conditions which retard the growth of 
the plant, the destruction of these cells occurs before they can be absorbed. 

The first action of the seed in beginning new life is the absorbing of 
water. Farmers and gardeners in order to facilitate the growth of the seed 
have often found soaking before planting very beneficial. 

Water furnishes the seed and afterwards the plants with hydrogen and 
oxygen. The next action of the plant is the absorbing of carbon dioxide 
by the roots and leaves. Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen. 

When the elements of water, viz. : hydrogen and oxygen, combine 
chemically with the elements of carbon dioxide they produce a combina- 
tion of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; one part of oxygen is liberated, 
forming the constituents of the so called 
hydro carbons of the plants, viz. : cellu- 
lose, starch, sugar, fats, etc. 

As previously stated, before the 
young plants grow leaves, carbon dioxide 
cannot be absorbed from the air; it has to 
be taken from the earth through the 
roots. The earth which contains carbon 
dioxide is the so called humus earth, and 
is the product of decomposed animal and 
vegetable matter. Under the influence of 
water, light and heat, it deliquates car- 
bon dioxide and ammoniac, and the latter 
by further oxidation can directly be 
absorbed by the roots , ? , % 
of the plants, thus |f :n '••-,. 

forming the nitrogen 
which is found in the 



Other offices 
of the 
endosperm 
or seed 
substance. 



Endosperm 
in relation to 
abundant 
crops. 



Plant elements 
and methods 
of distribution. 



Changes 
into other 
substances. 




'$m.„ .% 





Humus earth 

— what it is 

and what 

it does. 



Following 

nature's 

methods. 



Unnatural 

means of 

preparing 

malt. 



Advantages 

of corn as a 

main feeding 

ration in its 

changed 

form. 



albumen, gluten, legumin and other protein substances of the plants. 

The compounds of carbon dioxide and ammoniac are volatile, and are 
precipitated by rain, snow, dew, etc. , furnishing thereby to the plants these 
nutriments in liquid forms ; nevertheless, a direct assimilation by the 
plants of such matters from the air also takes place. 

If the plants can abundantly absorb all these substances the develop- 
ment and growth is greatly accelerated; nevertheless, the atmospheric air 
and accompanying conditions often act unfavorably and may hinder and 
retard the growth by too much or too little moisture, warmth and light. 

The apparatus controls in the most natural manner all necessary 
conditions and furnishes abundantly the above mentioned elements and 
nutriments to the cereals within, and the seed is quickly started to life, 
and a further uniform growth continuously sustained. 

The present sprouting process of the brewers in making malt is not a 
natural growing process; it provides no nutriment to the grain and there- 
fore is slow in development of the sprout, the main object being to secure 
the greatest amount of sugar from the starch. Prolongation of this process 
quickly destroys valuable substances in the grain by oxidation, prevents 
an increase in weight, and has, therefore, no value as a process for growing 
grain for feeding purposes. 

It transpires, therefore, that the action of germination in grains through 
the presence of ptyalin or diastatic ferment, brings them to exactly the 
same condition as we found them within the mouth of the animal after 
only the most thorough mastication and exposition to the action of the 
saliva and other ferments of the mouth. 

This then brings us to the point we sought, i. e. , the means of bringing 
grains to this entirely soluble and wholly digestible condition in an easy, 
abundant and economical way. We have attained all we sought and even 
more by the invention and perfecting of our grain growing apparatus as it 
appears on these pages. 

While the apparatus will handle equally well all varieties of grains, 
we have confined our experiments more largely to corn than the other 
grains for the following reasons : 

In the first place we are situated within that great imaginary zone 
reaching from the Ohio Valley west to the Rocky Mountains, known as the 
Corn Belt. Within this section corn grows almost spontaneously within 
the proper season. It transpires that under these conditions corn is more 
largely fed than any of the other grains because of its ease and cheapness 
of production and its very universality. 



Furthermore, none of the other grains are so widely grown, that is, 
over so wide an area and under so many and such varying conditions 
of altitude and latitude. 

In the feeding of corn under the conditions of ease mentioned above, 
there has been produced the most baneful results by reason of the excess 
carbon crowded into the animal economy. Corn is exceedingly rich in 
carbon, and for that reason becomes an exceedingly one sided or unbal- 
anced food for animals. This fact is well known to intelligent feeders, and 
in their desperation to escape the direful results they are either compelled 
to buy large quantities of other food stuffs, rich in constituents other than 
carbon, with which to tone down the carbon content of the corn, thereby 
producing a ration which is practically balanced in the relation of its 
various food constituents to each other, or continue to suffer the enormous 
loss resulting from the feeding of excess amounts of corn in order to secure 
the requisite amounts of other substances. 

Just here it may be added that the facts just stated above have been 
largely responsible also for the practice throughout the great feeding sec- 
tions of allowing hogs to follow cattle in the feed lots. 

SOLUBILITY OF FOODS 

Earlier in a discussion of these subjects we made some short reference to 
the solubility of foods in general and of the grains treated by our apparatus 
in particular. This is a matter of such very great importance in its 
relation to feeding results that we wish to take the matter up somewhat at 
length in this place. We may base our claims upon that well known law 
existing everywhere in nature, which is, that every living thing in either 
animal or plant life can take nourishment only in the liquid form. This 
does not necessarily mean that the food must be liquid when taken into 
the alimentary canal, although the more nearly it approaches 
that condition the better, but that by processes of digestion it 
must reach a liquid, or at least semi-liquid condition before any -u % 

assimilation to the blood, and hence to life, can be possible. 

Since these are well known truths, it will be apparent to 
all that any process which will make the ordinary food stuff 
— and more particularly the grains, which we 
have found in our discussion of the subject to be 
the most indigestible of all substances — more 
readily digestible and more easily assimilated, is _...-""' 

to be hailed with joy and immediately embraced 
as an economic measure. 

It is not necessary to bring any further proof 
to the aid of these claims than merely to point 
out that all herbivorous animals, including the 
hog, thrive amazingly on the soft and succulent 
grasses. This is not due so entirely to the fact 
that grasses constitute perfectly balanced food '•*&*$^jj 



Excess 
feeding of 
carbon and 
its results. 



Balancing 
of the ration 
to reduce the 
effects of 
carbon. 



Advantages of 
solubility and 
succulence 
in stock 
foods. 



Nutrition 
extracted by 
the Wood only 
in liquid 
form. 






M- :■■ 




Entire 
solubility and 
digestibility 
of growing- 
plants. 



Growth 

and profit 

of soluble 

foods. 



Continued loss 

from feeding 

whole grains. 



Changes in 

growth 

and time 

required. 



Inability of 

gastric and 

other juices to 

deal with hard 

substances. 



rations, capable of producing the best obtainable results, as to the further 
fact of their being in a soft, soluble and easily digestible and assimilable 
condition. The very cellular structures of green and growing plants in 
combination with rich juices — sap or blood of plants, and not water as so 
many chemists erroneously claim — make them yield readily to all, the 
processes of digestion from mastication, rumination and deglutition, through 
to the peristalsis of the alimentary canal. 

Since we find then that the greatest amount of growth and develop- 
ment in young animals, the greatest amount of fat in more mature animals 
and the greatest amount of milk in cows, are all resultant from the con- 
suming of these naturally succulent and almost wholly digestible foods 
under normal or natural conditions, should we not all the more attempt 
their adoption with the less digestible grain foods and at all seasons of the 
year? 

Let us turn for a moment to the consideration of this subject in com- 
parison with feeding dry grain either whole or ground. 

We have already seen that an extremely large amount of grains so 
fed passes through the animal undigested and is in a great measure lost. 
This is especially true in those cases where cattle, horses or dairy cows are 
not followed by hogs. 

We have found that in the growth (sprouting) of the plant the same 
changes take place as in the mouth digestion of grains. We find that by 
the very best means ever known for bringing about these changes, which is 
by the use of our own apparatus, it takes four full days to bring the grain 
to a condition of complete digestibility and assimilability. 

How absolutely impossible then is it for hard and dry grains to 
undergo this necessary change during the few instants that they are con- 
tained within the mouth of the animal, which we have found to be the 
only place where this change can take place in a natural way. Even if we 
allow the added time necessary to carry the substance through the entire 
alimentary canal, subjected to all the action of the numerous acids and 
ferments of the stomach and intestines, we find that it reaches the outer 
world again in about twenty-four hours, forty per cent or more of it being- 
unchanged. 

This is but one more of the many reasons why solubility and succu- 
lence of food stuffs should be held to be an absolute essential in the feeding 
of live stock for whatever purpose. 

Before passing this phase of the subject there is another matter of 
more than ordinary importance that should be mentioned here. It is the 






10 




'$?:^ v 



natural result to the animal from the feeding of grains in their raw and 
unchanged conditions as at present. 

By this we mean the result so far as it concerns the ease and comfort 
of the animal. Having found that such a very large proportion of the 
grain food consumed by an animal passes through the alimentary canal in 
a whole, partially whole, or at least undigested condition, Ave must con- 
clude, taking ourselves and our own experience as examples, that during 
the season of feeding dry foods, animals must of necessity suffer much from 
indigestion. Of course the animal has no means of making its suffering 
known, but that they do suffer in this manner and from the reasons before 
mentioned, hardly admits of any doubt. The writer, being what might be 
termed a heavy feeder, and believing that every animal should be pushed to 
the limit of its production, be that for growth, fat or the production of 
milk, has lost many animals which were sleek and fat and apparently in 
the pink of condition. This too when strict attention was paid to the 
feeding of a balanced ration composed of a variety of foods, brought to- 
gether in the proper nutritive ratio. In a majority of cases the post mortem 
examination disclosed a completely impacted condition of the manifolds 
or maniplies of the stomach. In other cases death resulted from a devital- 
ized condition of the entire alimentary canal, which prevented peristalsis 
and a consequent retention of the aliment, excess fermentation, hoven and 
death. 

Another fruitful source of trouble to him in the feeding of dairy cows 
where the grain ration was necessarily heavy, was from garget and milk 
fever, showing a feverish condition of the blood well nigh impossible to 
overcome if cows were to be kept up to the limit of profitable production. 

All these troubles, however, arose from the feeding of dry foods, and 
never occurred where animals were at pasture, and were almost entirely 
dissipated when he began the feeding of ensilage. 

There can be little doubt that other feeders have had similar experi- 
ences, and that the occasional loss of an animal quite materially cut down 
the profits sought to be gained. Neither is there any doubt but that 
liability to disease is greatly heightened by the almost continuous indi- 
gestion of animals under high feeding pressure. 



Indigestion 
and the 
troubles 
arising 
therefrom. 



Heavy feeding 



Impaction 
and clogging 
of the 
digestive 
tract. 



Garget, 
milk fever, 
etc. 



11 




Loss of 
vitality. 



Feeding 
Animals. 



Balanced 
ration. 



The animal 
body and its 
constituents. 



Fodder 

contents. 



Relation of 

animal and 

vegetable 

albumen. 



Another matter that deserves consideration is that the nervous force 

of animals fed largely on indigestible substances yield continuously 

during the process until they reach a point beyond Avhich it is not possible 

to feed them further with any observable good results. In case of cows or 

other animals kept from year to year, their vitality constantly wanes and 

they become prematurely old, failing in their functions long before their 

allotted time. 

NITROGENOUS FOODS 

The true principle of feeding animals of any kind consists in providing 
the animal with a combination of food substances in such quantities and 
in such relation to each other as regards their chemical constituents as to 
supply all the wants of the animal. 

The food constituents so combined constitute nutriment which in a 
general way consists of starch, sugar, fat, gluten, casein, albumen, etc. 
Every fodder or food stuff contains these elements, but they will be found 
in widely varying proportions in different food substances. 

When brought together in one mass in the right proportions they 
constitute what is termed a balanced ration. 

The compounds named above will be found in practically every part 
of the animal body, and all that is necessary to keep up the animal economy 
or increase its weight or product is to feed the elements of which it is itself 
made. Analysis shows the animal body to be made up of nitrogenous and 
non-nitrogenous elements with an admixture of certain mineral substances. 

Some few fodders possess all these elements in such perfect com- 
binations as to be denominated a perfect or balanced ration. This can 
hardly be true, however, of any fodder growing in a natural state except 
mixed grasses. Corn, straw, turnips and a few other substances contain 
an excess of carbon, while oil meal, malt sprouts, etc. , abound in an excess 
of nitrogenous or albuminous substances. 

Being very desirous of showing the great importance of nitrogenous 
foods, we shall give here a short analysis showing how nearly the albumen 
of animal structure and that of plant structure approach each other. Just 
here let us say that the terms nitrogenous, albuminous and proteids are 
practically synonymous terms and have the same meaning. 

Animal Albumen. Vegetable Albumen. 
Carbon ------- 53.5 53.5 

Hydrogen ------ 7.0 7.2 

Nitrogen ------- 15.5 16.5 

Oxygen ------ 22.4 21.6 

Sulphur ------- 1.6 1.2 

100 100 



12 



Since we find by the preceding table that the albumen of animals and 
plants so nearly equal each other in the proportions of the elements of their 
constituency, Ave must at once conclude that it is of the greatest importance 
that proteids, albuminoids or nitrogenous foods are fed to animals in 
large quantities. 

Of all the food elements the albuminous are by far the most easily 
digested and assimilated. Indeed, they present to the animal economy a 
mixture in which the substance of muscle or lean meat exists already 
formed, and for this reason the albuminoids have for a long time been 
known as flesh forming foods. As a further evidence of the importance of 
this class of foods, it may be pointed out that no food or class of foods des- 
titute of albuminous compounds can sustain animal life for more than a few 
days. For instance : — A sheep weighing fifty-two pounds, being fed on sugar 
dissolved in water, died at the end of twenty days, having lost twenty-one 
pounds in weight. A goose weighing six pounds, fed on sugar, died in 
twenty-two days, and another, fed on starch, lived but twenty-seven days. 

It is not maintained on the other hand that animals can live upon 
albuminoids alone, but it is well known that foods rich in albuminoids are 
greatly superior in feeding value. 

This brings us to another phase of the subject, and one which, while 
amply borne out by our own experince and experiment, is somewhat at 
variance with the generally accepted theories regarding such matters. 
Without fear of successful contradiction Ave make the declaration that 
nature intended that for all the ruminants, solipeds and certain of the 
pachyderms, notably the hog, the live sap of plants and grasses, should 
constitute the most nourishing and Adtalizing of all foods. It is well 
understood that plants take their nourishment in liquid and gaseous forms. 
We have found that all the mineral substances after being brought to the 
liquid form are taken up by the principle of osmosis or membrane diffusion. 
The gaseous substances are taken in, in part by the leaves or lungs of the 
plants from the light, air, rains, deAvs, etc. All these substances diffuse 
and are deliquated as sap or life blood of plants, from which the solid 
substances and forms of the plant are made up. These things being true, 
and certainly nobody will presume to dispute the facts, the live sap of the 
plant must necessarily contain all of the elements of Avhich the plant itself 
is made up, in gaseous, liquid, semi-liquid and semi-solid form. The sap 
of plants contains the same substances, therefore, as Avere previously shown 
in our analysis to be the constituents of the animal body, i. e. carbon, 
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, and as before stated, these elements of 
all others are most readily digested and as- 
similated by the animal, more especially 
cattle, and are so vastly superior to 
the same forms of food Avhen 
found in a hardened or solid 
state as in the grains, that 
it is hardly worth while to 
draAV any comparison. 



Solubility and 
digestibility of 
albuminoids. 



The growing, 
not the grown 
plant, the most 
natural and 
best food for 
animals. 



Diffusion of 
substances 
necessary to 
plant life and 
development. 




13 



Sap, the life- 
blood of plants. 



Errors of 
the chemist. 



Sap of plants 
is not water. 



The chemist 

follows the 

ordinary 

practices. 



We have frequently referred to sap as being the blood of plants, and 
this is a comparison which pleases us very much, as the function of the 
sap in plant life is certainly analogous to the blood of animals, for like the 
blood of animals, we find it constantly sur-charged with assimilable nutri- 
ments or food material. 

Just at this juncture is where one of the most egregious errors in 
connection with the whole problem of plant and animal life creeps in and, 
so far as we know, no single book, report or other matter devoted to the 
subject is free from it. It is the persistency with which the inorganic 
chemist insists blindly upon calling the sap, or life giving substance of all 
plant life, water. He conveys that impression in everything he says or 
writes, and in every analysis he makes. This misstatement of actual fact 
has for so long a time been held up to the public, and particularly to the 
farmer and feeder, that many of them have come to believe that the sap of 
plants is nothing more or less than so much water of the same character 
that composes springs, brooks and rivers. If these claims of the chemist 
were true it would seem possible to draw off the sap of plants and replace 
it with a like amount of pure water, and the plant yet live, grow and 
perform its normal functions. This we all very well know would be quite 
impossible. 

If the inorganic chemist should happen to be possessed of a dairy farm 
he would quickly discard his water theory relative to the sap of plants or 
else starve to death through ignorance or stubbornness. For instance, the 
chemist tells us that the food of cattle obtained in the pastures consists of 
a large percentage of water and a little vegetable fibre. Notwithstanding 
all this and his very learned way of dealing in these matters, he will 
pasture his cows just as does every farmer who has for his guide only that 
knowledge gained from experience in his occupation. While we are 
regarding him as a dairyman and a shipper of milk, he might find a still 
more practical illustration of how quickly his water theory in practice will 
reduce to absurdity. Since milk is seventy-eight per cent water, which he 
claims is valueless, if he will concentrate it on the farm, thus saving 
freight, and send only the solids to his customers, notifying them to dilute 
to suit their respective tastes, he will at least be impressed by the striking 
rapidity with which a well established business can be destroyed. He 
could lay claim to the advantages of this plan with just as much 
reason, since he so openly declares the sap and juices of plants to 
be water pure and simple. The actual facts are that in the theories 




Y>.:'i #0 f- 



oy^fi 



14 




:>>; 



relating to the matter under discussion and the various analyses thereon, 
the conclusions of the chemist are at fault and not in any single instance 
in accord with experience and results. 

In consideration of all of the foregoing and in accord with our own 
experience we must conclude, therefore, that there is no single substance or 
combination of substances which will produce the same salutary and 
beneficial results when fed to cattle as these tender and juicy grasses. We 
must also declare that it is not at all in keeping with the results to declare 
that the soluble juices of these grasses consist simply and solely of water 
as the chemist would have us believe. 

In this connection we should like to propound a question and state a 
well known fact. Will anybody name for us one single soluble nitrogenous 
substance which stall fed cattle get during the long winter months when 
they are obliged to subsist entirely on dry, woody and fibrous foods, and 
when the entire system is in an overwrought and feverish condition? We 
wish to state it as being a well known fact that constipation, indigestion, 
impaction,, loss of appetite, restricted growth and product are the sure 
results of the present unnatural methods of crowding animals during 
the long winter months with hard, dry, insoluble and fibrous foods, and 
that all these conditions may be improved and relieved entirely by feeding 
even small daily rations of grain sprouted by our grain growing apparatus. 

Just above we have stated that stall fed cattle did not have within 
their reach at any time during the long feeding period any succulent, 
albuminous or nitrogenous substances. In this statement we referred 
directly to the foods produced upon the farm and not to those which were 
bought in the open market and which require cash outlay. 

Within comparatively recent years an enormous business has been built 
up in this country based entirely upon supplying these substances in one 
form or another. In every instance the pretended object has been to supply 
the natural deficiencies as to nutritive ratio and digestibility of home grown 
foods. This has led to crowding upon the market almost numberless 
worthless substances hiding under the name ' ' stock food, ' ' their pretended 
object being to aid the animals in the digestion and assimilation of the 
coarse home grown foods. In most cases the required cash outlay to the 
farmer is so large as to be almost fraudulent, and in all cases where used to 
any extent, such so-called "stock foods" reduce the farmer's profit in his 
feeding operations by just the amount he pays for such substances. 

Since none of these materials are used by the feeder while his animals 
are at pasture, for the very good reason that neither these nor anything else 
can be an improvement upon the natural grasses, we must conclude 



Undesirable 
expensive and 
worthless 
so-called 
"stock foods." 



The natural 
law the best. 



15 



A simple 
proposition. 



Grown grains 

for the 

dairyman. 



Increased 

period of 

usefulness 

in cows. 



that in order to secure such results as are satisfactory and desirable 
we must follow closely nature's laws in the preparation of animal foods. 
This we have done in the invention of our grain growing apparatus and the 
food which it produces. 

This brings us to a practical conclusion of the discussion of the main 
subject, but before closing finally there are a few matters upon which we 
should like to lay particular stress. 

We refer most particularly to the great simplicity of the entire propo- 
sition. While much of the discussion has necessarily had to do with 
matters which are more or less scientific in their nature, in reality they are 
very simple after all. The adoption and use of the apparatus requires no 
scientific training or profound knowledge, and it may be used with absolute 
surety of good results by anybody. 

Should you be a dairyman you will find that with no other grain ration 
than the grown corn which can be produced so easily, you will have a per- 
fectly balanced food which will produce the maximum flow of the richest of 
milk at but a fraction of the cost as compared with dry feed. Furthermore, 
the cows will keep in better condition, their general health will be materially 
improved; the naturally fevered condition of the blood — and necessarily 
therefore the milk — produced by the feeding of excess amounts of dry and 
fibrous foods will all be obviated, the cows will last much longer, that is, 
their period of usefulness will be extended as they will not be "burned 
out, " so to speak, by being always heavily charged with carbonaceous and 
heating foods, and their calves will be stronger and develop more rapidly 
because of the better health and more even condition of the dam. 

Should you be a feeder of beef cattle for market you will find in this 
apparatus the first real assistant you have ever known. The 
grown grains being so easily masticated, digested and assim- 
ilated, the animal is relieved from practically all taxation or 
upon the digestive organs, and everything moves 
forward with that ease and evenness characteristic of 
pasturing upon the natural grasses. Owing to these 
facts and to the succulence of the food, beef made in 
this way is much more tender and richer in natural 
juices than when fed on dry feed. Then too the 
animals may be fed for a much longer period and 
made to convert much more cheap corn into high 
priced beef. This is so for the reason that as we have 
seen before there can be no sour stomach, indigestion, 
impaction, etc., nor will there be any stiffness or 
bursal enlargement in the joints as so frequently 
results from long feeding of dry feed. Then too there 
are the advantages of cheap production which may 
be referred to here. 

As a concrete illustration of the value of grown 
corn, let us suppose that it requires fifty bushels in its 
unprepared state to fatten one steer; ten steers will 



strain 




16 



require five hundred bushels. The grown or prepared ,.| 

corn gives you double the weight with as many and \'". 

as essential food constituents, pound for pound, as ..•.-■, ffe| 

you have in the ungrown. Therefore, you will require : ' 'C§ //«.' -*'**"" 

but one half or two hundred and fifty bushels to do .-$&&&* ;; '" ""•^^t^,^"' 

the duty of the five hundred. If corn be worth fifty 

cents the net saving is $125.00; a most important a j } \^/ 

item on so small a matter as the fattening of ten head ' ,: l^i^^^K^'^^^-^ 

of steers. If, in addition to the above, we take into t^^S^ %jP> " 

consideration the matter of waste, the figures become V ^ f , ; %m\ " 

still more significant. It is the experience of feeders : ^^3^> < ^ 7'-' 

that a large percentage of the corn as ordinarily fed. " '" ^ "ITi^ - - 

anywhere from thirty to fifty per cent, and vary- ; T % ^0^^^^^ 

ing in different animals, passes through the animal - ,1 l^pH? \ ^ s 

system unassimilated and undigested, frequently un- ^-^ _. '-' ;-., 

masticated. The grown grain is all digested, the " ' 

animal appropriating every food element it contains. ......'■■ .. '-" '"' 

We have only to note this stoppage of absolute waste - - 

to see that the figures above given are easily within bounds. 

Should you desire to grow calves in large numbers for marketing as digestion, 
veal, to replenish your dairy herd, for breeding purposes or for the general 
increase of your live stock, you will find in this grain growing apparatus 
your most efficient assistant. When the grown grains are ground and of d grown ges 
mixed with the requisite quantity of water the substance almost instantly feeing 01 
dissolves into a rich creamy liquid that is second only to warm milk from calves - 
the cow in the ability to promote growth and rapid development in calves. 
We have tried all of the substances recommended as substitutes for milk in 
feeding calves, but have never found anything that was a near approach to known for itute 
this liquefied corn. Calves will be absolutely free from indigestion, scours milk - 
or bloody flux, and will need no other liquid food to bring them to the 
highest state of profitable development. 

For the feeding of horses for either speed, heavy work or ordinary ser- Fe edmg 
vice, there is nothing in the form of single or mixed grains which will g°own pains. 
produce the same uniformly good results as corn when grown by our 
apparatus. 

While it is true that the horse of all domestic animals, is best provided ^troubles 
with the means of mastication, first because of the large and powerful teeth, fndigeltto ™ 
and second, because of the enormous amount of the secretions from the 
glands within and near the mouth, the principal constituent of which is 
diastatic ferment, we know also that none of our animals suffer so keenly h7dfge°™on° m 
from the effects of indigestion. In case of the horse the almost direct etc ' 
result of this, coupled with the great amount of dry foods consumed, is to 
largely dry up the secretions of the body and produce that condition com- 
monly known as ■ 'hide bound. ' ' No horse has ever been known to suffer 
from this ailment when at pasture. No horse can possibly suffer from 
this cause when fed upon the succulent and easily digested corn from our 
grain growing apparatus. 

17 



Feeding 
hogs for 
market. 



Best for 
growing pigs. 



The stock 
boar. 



The brood 
sow. 



For feeding 
poultry. 



Winter eggs. 



For growing 

young chicks, 

broilers, etc. 



In feeding of hogs the grown grains will prove quite as salutary and 
beneficial in effect as in those cases already referred to. Hogs for market 
as in case of cattle can be fattened in the shortest possible time and at the 
minimum of cost when fed with this food alone. Young pigs should be 
fed upon the liquefied corn as previously described, for the feeding of 
calves. By using this prepared corn the farmer will no longer be limited 
in the number of pigs he can grow by the amount of milk he shall be able 
to provide them. The groAvth will be simply surprising to one trying the 
food for the first time, nor will the development be one-sided as the grown 
grain possesses all the elements necessary for muscular and bone develop- 
ment. Stock boars may be carried from one season to another on this food 
at a most trivial cost and have the added advantage of remaining active and 
serviceable for a much longer period than if feci upon dry feed. It excels 
as a food for brood sows because of its great milk making qualities. Sows 
fed with this food will remain in fine condition and at the same time 
supply their pigs with an abundance of rich and fever-free milk. Other 
advantages of feeding sows on this food will be found in the appended list 
of questions and answers. 

The poultryman without respect to his object, will find the grown 
grain the cheapest, safest and most profitable food it is possible to obtain. 
The corn as changed in the apparatus is rich in albuminous substances as 
we have seen in the previous discussion of these subjects. Since eggs are 
so largely composed of the same substances it must necessarily, and does, 
follow that this is a most excellent food for producing eggs. Since the pro- 
duction of winter eggs is merely a question of the proper food, we have 
solved the problem in the invention of our grain growing apparatus. These 
conclusions are amply borne out by our own experiments, when under 
normal conditions and with no other food than the grown grain we made 
the most profitable winter layers of practically all of the breeds. 

Experiments with chicks fed exclusively upon this food after being 
ground, prove it to be a perfect food for rapidly developing the small birds. 
Chicks so fed escape entirely that great bane of the poultry grower— 
diarrhoea — and continue in perfect health from start to finish of growth. 
In an experiment where a brood of chicks fresh from the incubator was 
divided equally, one half being fed on the ground grown grain and the 
other fed in the best way known to the poultryman' s art, lot 1, at the end 
of three weeks were not only the most active and vigorous, but were found 
by the scales to weigh 40 per cent more than lot 2. 

This experiment may serve to show the advantages of this food to the 
man who is producing broilers and ducklings for market. 







m&m^ 



18 




Fig. 

This cut shows the apparatus set up in a completed form ready to receive the moss 
and drawers, and is given here for the purpose of showing how thoroughly well and 
durable it is made. 

Note the supporting rods under each of the chambers which sustain the weight 
of the filled drawer and prevent all sagging or springing when the apparatus is filled. 



19 




20 



Firf 1 This cut represents the growing apparatus set up complete and ready for use. It consists of a 

B " series of eight growing chambers, eight drawers, each of which has a capacity of one half bushel of dry 

corn and a top cover? Three iron rods securely bolting together the above chambers in connection 
with the cast iron frames on top and bottom, four strong wrought iron corner posts which stand in 
sockets cast in the corners of top and bottom frames, which prevent a displacement of the growing 
chambers from their positions and add to the great stability of the apparatus. 

The stand on which the above set of chambers rests is made of two strong heavy castings Doitea 
together with four rods which are slipped through wrought iron pipes, forming as a whole a very- 
substantial foundation for the whole machine. A large iron drip pan is placed between the stand and set 
of chambers which collects the water and drains it off through a nozzle in front into any kind of vessel. 
The measurements of the apparatus are: Height, 5 feet 7 inches; width, 3 feet 6 inches; depth, 2 
feet 8 inches; weight, 400 pounds; crated, 450 pounds. 




Fig. 2 

This cut represents the growing apparatus with one drawer withdrawn ready to 
receive the grain, showing the construction of the drawer. It is made of best galvan- 
ized wire netting and edged and braced with galvanized iron, forming a very compact, 
durable drawer. 



21 




22 



Fig. 3 

This cut represents the growing apparatus filled with corn for growing. 




Fig. 4 

This cut represents the growing apparatus with a drawer of corn showing the 
development of the corn between the first and second days. 



23 




24 



Fig. 5 

This cut represents the growing apparatus with a drawer of corn withdrawn show- 
ing the development of corn when finished and ready for feeding. 




WP 1 ' f jm 





Fig. 6. 

This cut represents the relative bulk of the same quantity of corn grown and 
ungrown. 

The small portion shown in the left of the cut represents so much corn ready to 
be introduced within the apparatus. 

The larger portion shown in the right of the cut represents the same grain four 
days later when it has been acted upon and removed from the apparatus. 

This will serve in a much better way than by any argument we may adduce to 
show the increase in bulk of grains which are subjected to the action of our apparatus. 

The changed and improved condition of the food as to its chemical construction, 
digestibility, etc., are fully treated elsewhere in this book. 



25 



^ 



- , 



aw*®** 



i " ■ 







Fig. 7 

This cut shows how the grown grain may be prepared for the use of poultry or 
other small animals which from one reason or another might have difficulty in handling 
the long sprouts with kernel attached. A common meat grinder, such as is found in 
practically every household, will be found entirely satisfactory for preparing the food. 
The grown grain when treated in this way is especially well adapted to the feeding of 
small chicks, broilers, ducklings and all kinds of poultry. It will take but a few 
moments by this means to prepare the food for a flock of forty or fifty grown fowls. 



26 




Fig. 8 

There has never been put in the hands of farmers such a satisfactory substitute for 
milk. This grown corn ground to a pulp and then dissolved by pouring water over it, 
fed to calves, will fatten them equally as well as when fed with fresh milk. It is very 
much relished by them and is preferable to all other substitutes for fresh milk. 
It will be found of equal value in feeding young pigs and hot-house lambs. The above 
cut shows the ready solubility of the food. The photograph of the cut was taken 
twenty seconds after the water had been poured on the pulp in the pitcher. 



27 




Tig. 9 

As having a direct bearing upon the main discussion of this book we are present- 
ing herewith a cut which gives a very excellent idea of a grain of corn when cut in two, 
showing the various parts in their relation to each other, together with detailed ex- 
planation and a complete analysis of the whole. 

This cut explains in a much bettter way that, could be done by any other means 
the percentages of the several parts composing the whole. 

A careful study of this cut and the descriptive matter connected with it will help 
the reader to a much better understanding of the main subject. 

H. — The outside shell, which is analogous with that of wheat, consists of the fruit 
and seed scale grown together, and form a solid leathery, indigestible substance of a 
rich yellow color in case of yellow corn, or nearly transparent in case of white corn. 

Kl. — This portion of the grain consists of Gluten-Casein and Gluten-Fibrin, and 
these two elements are again analogous with certain of the principal substances 
found in wheat. These elements exist in very small proportions in corn however. 

End. — Endosperm. This portion consists of — h, a horny part, and m a floury part; 
h being filled with close joined polyhedral starch grains which with the plasmatic 
substance are cemented into a solid horny mass; while m, the floury part, has a white 
color and consists of round free laying starch grains. 

Em. — Embryo. The embryo is for the greatest part enclosed by the scutellum; 
and its epithelium, e, forms the immediate connection with the endosperm. 

K. — Represents the point or head of the sprout or germ (acrospire) the part which 
first makes its appearance above the ground. 

ad. — Represents the adventive rootlet of the sprout or germ (acrospire) stem. 

r. — The radicle or root with its root cap w. 

ANALYSIS. 



Water 13.53 

Nit. Substances — 

Soluble 90 

Insoluble 5 . 35 

Fat 4.87 



Non-Nit. Sub. —Sugar 1.06 

Dex 4.03 

Starch 67.37 

Wood Fibre 1.84 

Ash 1 05 



28 



„^j^ir..SlW(it^.3'*^~.st3' 




The following report of a conversation between a large feeder and the 
representative of the Company may interest the reader : 

Q. — I notice that your machine seems to be very compact. What is the life of 
the machine, or how long will it last? 

A.— As you will observe, all parts of the apparatus are made of the best 
galvanized wire and sheet iron. It is designed to last for ordinary use, from fifteen 
to twenty years without repairs. The total absence of any corrosive action in the 
use of the apparatus or process warrants such long life, and you will further notice 
here on this machine in use all metal surfaces are perfectly bright and without any 
coating whatever. 

Q. — Supposing an accident happened to our apparatus, must the whole apparatus 
be sent to the factory to be repaired in such an instance? 

A. — No. It could hardly happen that the whole apparatus would be damaged, 
making a return of it to the factory necessary. In most cases where an accident 
occurs it will be sufficient to send only that section which is damaged, as you see the 
apparatus can be taken apart in a very few seconds, and readily reassembled by any one. 

Q. — How often does the moss or filling have to be replaced? 

A. — The moss is designed slowly to decompose under the action of moisture and 
air, thereby furnishing to the grain within the necessary nutrition for its growth ; 
after six months of use it becomes somewhat exhausted and should be replaced. 

Q. — What is the cost of refilling the apparatus? 

A. — It takes about one hundred and eighty pounds of moss to refill the entire 
apparatus, which costs in the open market, one cent per pound. Any inexperienced 
person can accomplish the task in a few hours. 

Q. — Where can the material be had? 

A. — The Company and its agents always keep on hand large quantities of the 
material which is specially selected for the purpose, and is sold to our customers at the 
very lowest possible price. Furthermore, it may be obtained from the regular 
farmers' supply houses and seed stores. 

' Q. — What previous preparation must the grain undergo before being put into 
the apparatus? 

A. — It is not really necessary to do anything with the grain, although we prefer 
and advise to soak the grain for a day or so in water, as it saves time and thereby 
increases the output of the apparatus. 

Q. — How can this best be done? 

A. — Simply by putting the right quantity of corn into a tub or barrel and pouring 
sufficient water over it. 

Q. — What material is added to the grain to make it grow? 

A. — Only water must be applied in sufficient quantity on top of the machine to 
keep the grain always in wet condition. 

Q. — What will be the result if for some reason the grain should grow too long? 

A. — It would make it very difficult then to open the drawer, on account of the 
grain having grown into the sections above and below. In such a case the sections 
above such drawer will have to be lifted off; otherwise there would be no change and 
the same good results in feeding would obtain. 

Q. — Does the apparatus require any specially prepared place for keeping it? 

A. — It does not. It can be kept anywhere, in the barn, shed, etc., at the con- 
venience of the user. 

Q. — Can it be used in winter as well as in summer. 

A. — Certainly. The seasons will not interfere at all, and indeed its greatest 
advantage will be derived from winter use. 



29 



... .- i 




5 i : - 



Q. — But I see the apparatus is wet. How .can you keep it from freezing? 

A. — Most every farmer has a cellar warm enough to prevent freezing, which is in 
every way a suitable and desirable place for keeping the apparatus. Large dairymen 
and feeders have barns so constructed as to avoid freezing even in the most severe 
winter weather. Space in such buildings can be found for working the apparatus and 
will be found to be very convenient and desirable. 

Q. — Will all farm animals eat the grain when prepared by this apparatus? 

A. — In all our experience we have not found an animal refusing to eat it greedily. 
If for any reason an animal should refuse to taste it, as has been experienced at times 
in the feeding of ensilage, then a little bran or middlings sprinkled over it will induce 
the animal to taste, which is all that is necessary to overcome further objection. 

Q.— If it is a superior food for fattening stock as claimed, how can it also be a 
good food for milch cows ? 

A. — To properly answer this it would be necessary for me to enter into a very 
scientific explanation of the many chemical constituents of the prepared grain and 
its further modifications and final assimilation into the animal body, but let me 
explain, that nature's laws of self preservation enable an animal to use the same 
substance supplied as food for such organs which necessarily must first be supplied on 
account of being for one reason or another exhausted, in order to prevent breaking 
down. After these organs have been sufficiently supplied and a surplus of substances 
is still undisposed of, then nature will facilitate the building up of other organs or parts 
of the animal. A perfect balanced ratio of food will not only sustain a healthy 
animal body, but will also peiform the work necessary and accompanying all the 
functions of propagation. Let me illustrate this to you by a fact which we can daily 
observe. There are to-day made from malt many different articles of food. The most 
concentrated form on the market is probably the malt extract. Another product, 
malt tonics, another one is the beer and whisky. All these products contain in 
principle the same chemical substances of nutriment. Now let us see the direct effect 
from their use. Malt extract given to very weak persons has been recognized as a 
universal remedy and tonic for the entire system. It makes nerves, muscles, blood, 
flesh, etc. It is also successfully used for the special purpose of increasing the flow 
and quality of the milk in nursing mothers. It is hardly necessary to point out to you 
the layers of fat the malt extract produces, in form of beer on heavy beer drinkers. 
It is therefore very plain that nature can develop from the same substances and 
different bodies, different results, for the purpose of propagation, self preservation, and 
for the development of the highest type of species. 

Q. — But this may be true of food extracts whereas the prepared grain is only so 
much raw material ? 

A. — I am glad you mentioned this. This prepared grain is the most composite 
form of food possible, containing all the elements necessary in making the animal 
body, and because it is so composite, it is easily decomposed; and in order to make an 
extract from same, which in order to be a marketable article must keep for any length 
of time, a great many valuable substances must necessarily be destroyed in the process 
of manufacture and be entirely lost because the product cannot be consumed 
immediately after making. 

Q. — Will the food or grain prepared prove a satisfactory ration for the production 
of winter eggs? 

A. — No better food could be imagined for this purpose. It is so little work for 
the hen to modify this food into eggs. The chemical analysis of the grain and eggs 
show them to be closely related in form, and the first stated results have been 
substantiated in all trials of practical use. 

Q. — Does the grown grain possess any desirable qualities for feeding young 
chickens, ducklings, and broilers for the early market? 

A. — In the practical use of this grain as food for this class of animals, it has 
again been shown overwhelmingly, how, in the work shop of nature, the same substances 
can adopt different forms. It is true that the stomachs of these delicate, tiny birds 
will not bear trifling with. No class of domestic animals gives more trouble fn feeding 
or suffers more from consequences of indigestion, than a flock of newly hatched 



30 



chickens. The feeding of this prepared grain not only develops the young birds 
with astonishing rapidity, but it also causes a marvelous growth of feathers from the 
very beginning and prevents, during this period, many ailments of the young 
chickens, which may be compared with the ailments of the human baby while 
teething. 

Q. — What would be the probable effect in feeding brood sows? 

A.— I may answer this with a question. Namely, what would young clover do 
to them ? You know that young clover as a food for animals of this class can hardly 
be surpassed. It is a very nitrogenous food and just exactly what is needed for them. 
The nitrogenous matter in the clover does not, however, reach the same percentage as 
in the grown grain and your own experience as a feeder will help you to conceive the 
true results, namely, a very rapid development. The feeding of these sprouted grains 
will have another and most salutary effect on the brood sows. It will prevent 
entirely that pernicious and unnatural habit of sows eating their new born pigs. 
Many breeders suffer large annual losses from this cause. Taking into account their 
short-sighted methods of feeding we must conclude that they have only themselves 
to blame. Brood sows, like most animals in the corn belt, are fed excess amounts of 
corn and other carbonaceous substances. During the period of gestation the tem- 
perature of the blood is very naturally raised by several degrees, and the carbonaceous 
food adds to this high temperature until it amounts to a positive fever. The entire 
animal nature under these conditions craves something which will be cooling and 
soothing in its effect to counteract the feverish influences. The result is that the 
brood sow eats first the placenta and then the pigs. Singularly enough analysis shows 
that the newly born pig is a complete lump of albumen or nitrogenous substance, 
which we have found to be so valuable in counteracting the evil influences arising 
from a use of excess amounts of carbon. Taking all these things and relative analyses 
into account, we find that the brood sow fed on our prepared grains will be entirely 
free from a desire to consume her own offspring. 

Q. — Is there anything in this grown or sprouted grain that would be likely to 
affect the reproductive organs of the female animals or cause them to abort ? 

A. — None whatever. On the contrary, in feeding large herds with this grown 
grain we actually prevent organic disease, including abortion, by the more vigorous 
condition of the animals. 

Q. — If for any reason the grain after sprouting should become dry, will it be lost 
or wasted, or 'may it be used just the same as dried or natural grain? 

A. — Grown grain from our apparatus does not decompose when dried and there- 
fore connot be lost or wasted. It is in such a state, a still better article of food than 
the dried natural corn, on account of a solubility and change of the anatomic con- 
struction of the grain. 

Q. — Can the grain be grown and sold in a commercial way by use of this appa- 
ratus, i.e. could a man establish a plant in a community and hope to grow and sell the 
grain successfully and at a margin of profit? 

A. — It will indeed be a profitable undertaking for a man to establish a central 
station for growing the grain to be sold or exchanged to farmers in the neighborhood. 
Such business could easily be carried on by the present grist mills. The value of a 
bushel of corn by the growing process is more than doubled, which certainly should 
leave a margin of profit for both the grower and the farmer. 

Q. — How may the grown grains be prepared otherwise than to feed them in the 
form in which they come from the apparatus ? 

A. — For the purpose of increasing all the qualities of the grain, there is absolutely 
no better process of preparation possible; but for making the substance more suitable 
to be eaten by poultry, it can be ground up, sprouts, roots, grains, altogether into 
different sizes in machines like our modern meat choppers, and even to so fine a pulp 
that it can be easily and entirely dissolved by pouring hot water over it. In this form 
it can also be fed with the greatest success to calves, as a substitute for milk. 

Q. — Will those grains which from any chance escape mastication, be in a condition 
to be acted upon by the digestive tract, i. e. will they digest if they reach the stomach 
without mastication ? 

A. — We can guarantee that the grain in this form will be totally digested, even if 
the animal had not a single tooth in its mouth, for we have found that the digestion 
of the mouth is not at all necessary. 

Q. — How long does it take a standard sized apparatus to pay for itself in extra 
advantages over the ordinary methods of feeding, if operated to its full limit daily ? 

A. — You will certainly not find it very difficult to figure the profits the apparatus 
will make for you, after our explanation and what you have seen here. A standard 
sized apparatus prepares one bushel of corn daily. If a bushel of corn is fed unprepared, 
half of it is lost, which at present prices equals twenty eight cents per day, and which 



31 



UN -2 1902 



we redeem under all circumstances. Considered alone on this account the apparatus 
will pay for itself in about two hundred and seventy days. The second feature of the 
process is that about fifty to sixty pounds of succulent and nitrogenous substances are 
added to the weight of the bushel of corn, and taking the price of oil meal as a standard 
for comparison, should be valued at a cent per pound, which equals fifty to sixty cents 
a day; it is by no means exaggerated, as claimed that the earning capacity of a standard 
machine at the present time is equal to two hundred and seventy-five dollars per year 
in coin. 

Q. — How many mature animals should a farmer or feeder have to make it an 
object to own a grain growing apparatus? 

A. — Whenever a farmer has sufficient stock to feed a half bushel of grain ration 
per day. Such stock to include horses, cattle, calves, swine and poultry. 

Q. — On what kind of animal would a trial best show the beneficial results to be 
derived from a use of the apparatus ? 

A. — We recommend that it be tried on milch cows first, for the reason that a 
change of food of any kind is more quickly apparent in the dairy herd than elsewhere; 
or on any animal that from one cause or another is off its feed and generally out 
of condition. 

Q. — As compared with the cooking, steaming or grinding of feed is this process 
more or less expensive ? 

A. — It is infinitely less expensive than any of the plans named above. The 
apparatus does not cost more in the first instance than a first-class, durable and long- 
lived boiler and does not cost anything like as much as a power feed grinder, power 
included. Then in the second place there is no comparison between the labor 
required in working out the several plans, as it only takes ten minutes time per day 
to successfully operate our apparatus. Then too it requires no power, no fuel, there 
is no danger of fire, none from explosion, no costly repairs, and above all, no danger 
of spoiling the feed from over-cooking or burning. 

Q. — Now, I have asked about all the questions which I think have any direct 
bearing on the case. To sum up these from the answers you have given me I must 
conclude that corn as sprouted and grown in your Grain Growing Apparatus is in 
and of itself a balanced ration and a perfect food for all kinds of live stock; that the 
corn so grown contains all the elements necessary to develop the animal in bone and 
flesh and product, such as milk; that by the use of this apparatus I will in future be 
spared the enormous expense of buying wheat, bran, middlings, oil meal, cotton seed 
meal, etc., etc., containing nitrogenous substances with which to balance up my 
excessively carbonaceous corn feed. 

A. — Yes, your conclusions are entirely correct and the results you name are borne 
out entirely by our experiments and long experience in the use of the apparatus and 
the food it produces. We know that you and all other feeders of live stock will secure 
equally beneficial and money-making results from its use. 



AN INVITATION 

In the foregoing we have given the reader all the information that 
seems possible without an actual observation of the machine itself, and the 
growing of the grain within the machine. 

Our factory in Chicago is located at No. 163 South Canal Street, just a 
half block south of the Union Passenger Station and on the same street. 

Grain growing machines will be constantly in operation there and 
courteous and intelligent attendants will always be present to show the 
machines and explain their Avorkings. 

We extend a most cordial invitation to all farmers, feeders, breeders, 
poultrymen, etc. , who are visiting the city to pay us a visit. ' ' Seeing is 
believing," you know, and we know that you will not dispute the evidence 
of your own eyes. 



32 










To Whom It 



Concern 



The American Grain Growing Company 
gu©.ra.ntees the fullest protection to aJU 
users of its grain growing apparatus 
through its broad and sweeping patents, 
and through the further guarantee of the 
responsible company whose seal appears 
beloW. . 



;. Patent 

.. .'.P-R'OT-ixTEl.pV. ■;. 
; : /BV'THE;:-' .;'-V : -'-. 

T AND v,.^.- 
°UaranT£^ ' 

"" , NEW.YORK. ' 



It will prosecute in a most vigorous way 
all infringements of whatever kind, the 
aboye company bejh^ ordered to proceed 
immediately and without further authority 
in all such cases. No person or persons 
other than the American Grain Growing 
Company or their regularly constituted 
argents Shall be allowed to me^ke or sell 
the grain growing apparatus or its products. 




GRAIN. 

GROWING CO. 

IDCAfiO, ILi,. UvlA 











